Promote good practice in the support of individuals Essay

1. Understand how the different and evolving theories virtually autism reflect the complexity of sick spectrum mark offs Autism is a lifelong developmental baulk that affects how a soul says with, and relates to, other mass. It also affects how they make sense of the world around them. It is a spectrum condition, which hatefuls that, while all people with autism share received difficulties, their condition will affect them in different ways. Some people with autism are open to live relatively independent lives but others may sport accompanying learning disabilities and need a lifetime of specialist support. People with autism may also experience over- or under-sensitivity to sounds, touch, tastes, smells, light or colours. Asperger syndrome is a cook of autism. People with Asperger syndrome are often of average or above average intelligence.They obtain fewer problems with speech but may still have difficulties with savvy and processing language. Some people live with autism for their entire life without ever getting a formal diagnosis. Often this is simply because autism wasnt widely cognise or understood when they were growing up. For adults, a diagnosis of autism female genitalia help to explain why they have always found certain things difficult. For children, it can mean that the right support is put in place from an early age. Autism has been described as a hidden or invisible disability. Although historically associated with intellectual disability, it is straight thought that most people with ASC will be within the normal range of IQ. Whatever the label used, the complexity of the autistic spectrum often renders it easier to misunderstand than it is to recognise. These difficulties, which can make access to services problematic, are further complicated by the generic nature of many services and the fragmented way they view and act to ASC. As a setting we deal with many CYP with ASC, we accommodate these CYP as referable to the high level of violence and behaviour difficulties they display ASC units or Schools for CYP with particularized Learning Difficulties cannot or will not accommodate them.We support our CYP on the ASD spectrum and Aspergers syndrome to help them achieve their full potential. This is because we have a very exceedingly experienced and motivated team. As a staff team we haveoutside agencies much(prenominal) as the National Autistic Society and NEAS. We also have involvement from the local authority learning support staff that has worked closely with the CYP with autistic spectrum condition prior to them coming to us, these past come into our setting to conk us the big picture on these CYP coming to our setting. These support staff are able to give us a clear picture of the postulate and the history of these CYP before they reach our setting. This enables us the meet there inevitably, and make the transition from others schools and settings run smoothly. We also visit the CYP in thei r own environment as this gives them an opportunity to meet us in a setting in which they know and feel comfortable in. One of the most important points to understand about autistic spectrum conditions is that each CYP on the autism spectrum is an individual with their own unique characteristics. CYP with autistic spectrum conditions vary enormously in their abilities, needs, strengths, gifts, preferences and interests. No two individuals with a diagnosis of an autistic spectrum condition are the same, so it is essential not to make any assumptions about them. Autistic assignment causes and theories.Many causes of autism have been proposed, but understanding of the possibleness of causation of autism and the other autism spectrum disorders is incomplete. The heritability of autism is complex and it is typically unclear which genes are responsible. In rare cases, autism is strongly associated with agents that cause birth defects. Many other causes have been proposed, such as childho od immunizations, but numerous clinical studies have shown no scientific evidence supporting any link between vaccinations and autism.Autism spectrum conditions are make up from birth or very early in life. They include childhood autism, Aspergers syndrome, a typical autism and PDD unspecified. In practice many of these conditions may circle with other disorders such as ADHD and affecting more boys than girls. Within my setting most CYP on the ASC spectrum have other conditions many quite complex. another(prenominal) conditions are such as ADHD, ODD, conduct disorder, speech and language difficulties and Tourettes syndrome. In practice although the prevalence in girls is said to be underestimated, these conditions are characterised by significant impairments in instinctive social behaviour, communication and arestricted or repetitive repertoire of behaviours and interests.These core features will affect the persons ability to anticipate the thoughts and actions of others and pred ict day-to-day outcomes on the basis of normally occurring social cues. This lack of ability to anticipate and predict leads to high levels of stress within our CYP and they have difficulties in relating to others. Such difficulties may be accompanied by other neurological or psychiatric conditions that impact on behaviour and work and also on access to services and support. Such conditions include, disorders affecting sensory processing, anxiety, depression and mood, seizures and other medical problems.Autism has a range of diagnostic criteria. This was described by Wing and Gould (1979) as the Triad of Impairments. The triad consists of Problems with social interactionsDifficulties understanding and using non-verbal communications Stands to close to peopleUnaware of different ways to interact with peopleDifficulties initiating and maintaining conversationsInappropriate touchingProblems with communicationAsks repetitive questions.Absence of a desire to communicate.Communicates for own needs, rather than social engagementOwn interest based.May be non-verbal, or slow speech.Problems with imaginationDoes not understand other peoples thoughts or feelings lack of Theory of Mind Does not like flip-flop in routines.Special or focussed interests.Literal thinking.In additional to the three areas of the triad there are also associated difficulties. These include Sensory difficultiesThis may include hypersensitivities (over-sensitive) or hypersensitivities (under-sensitive). Mood disturbances linked to the triadAnxietyAggressionDepressionAs there is an array of criteria within the impairments and associated difficulties the disorder is considered a spectrum condition. For individuals considered on the higher end of the spectrum the individual may have better, learnt social communication and interaction skills, whereas those on the lower end of the spectrum may have significantly delayed communication skills, including a lack of language. As discussed above, sensory and perceptual difficulties are highly common amongst individuals with ASC. These include both hyper- and hypo-sensitivities. See table 1.12 .Be able to promote to others positive communication strategies for individuals with an autistic spectrum condition. Autism is a varied and complex disorder which can affect individuals in a number of ways. ASC affects not but the individual with the diagnosis, but their whole family parents, siblings and others close to them. Below are examples of how ASC can affect different peopleIndividual diagnosed with ASC. Individuals with Autism Spectrum Conditions lives are touched by a wide range of factors including difficulties with communication, social interactions, sensory difficulties, flexibility. This impacts significantly on universal functioning, whereby an individual may not be able to communicate their needs effectively, may have difficulty in social situations, may find everyday sensory input distressing , and changes in everyday life difficult to deal with, which then increases there anxiety level. As a setting we set out an action plan directed to every CYPs individual needs, both in the school setting and residential setting. Each class/staff team have a copy of the plan and this helps us to deal with the individual needs of each CYP.This enables us to prevent the CYP getting too anxious or distressed in situations. In the case of wizard of our CYP with communication difficulties, and also has autistic spectrum condition the action plan is a key concept in the day to day education and understanding for the recent person involved, and also professionals and peers . If the CYPis not understood because of language barriers he becomes extremely forbid and this has a detrimental effect on his behaviour. He will then display very disruptive and dangerous behaviour. We also use things like feelings cards so that the individual can express how they feel, rather than them get frustrated or get to a point and then b ecome anxious.When carriageing at how an individual on the autism spectrum are impacted within their lives it is important to look at the impact of factors such as gender, ethnicity, social, cultural and religious influences. For example, those from an Indian culture are very nurturing with family members with disabilities and autism. This means that the individuals need are met however there is not needs any progression or development. In another example, those from an Orthodox Jewish religious background can feel that having a person with autism in the family is shameful and as a result the individual is hidden from the wider community, this results in a lack of development with the individual with ASC. What further compounds difficulties for those with ASC are separate views, discrimination and lack of understanding about the autism spectrum condition.The media play a major role in promoting these misunderstandings. For example There is a misunderstanding around the ambitious behaviour associated with autism due to the communication and sensory difficulties in autism. In younger children it is often just seen as bad behaviour which should be controlled by the parents and the vestigial causes are not fully understood. Due to the Film Rain Man featuring Dustin Hoffman as an autistic man, many people who have seen the film have the perception that he is a typical person on the autism spectrum and that this is a true reflection. Although Dustin Hoffmans character does have autism he also has savant syndrome which does not necessarily come hand-in-hand with autism (although 50% of savants also have ASC). Parents of individuals on the autism spectrum have their lives highly impacted upon due to their CYPs condition, to ensure that a high level of ceremonial occasion is maintained to ensure their childs safety, which can put huge strain and demand on them. Siblings of those with ASC can also be affected in their everyday lives due to the need of their sibli ngs.Due to parents having to focus on the sibling with ASC, siblings can often feel jealous or left out due to not having much attention. They may also feelrestricted due to the changes required to meet the needs of their ASC sibling. Others close to those on the autism spectrum can have their everyday lives affected due to the changes required for the individual with ASC. This may be aunts and uncles or grandparents, whom try to give parents a break by looking after the CYP with autism or giving time and attention to siblings of the affected CYP.* Focus on children there is an over emphasis on children on the autism spectrum leading to a belief that the condition is child orientated and not a life-long disorder. This disadvantages those adults on the spectrum due to a lack of general understanding or awareness of the condition in adults on the autism spectrum. In supporting understanding about the condition, it is important to ensure that all involved are aware and understand the autism spectrum condition. It is important to assess the level of learning and cognition of the individual with ASC and then focus the information sharing about ASC at individuals level of understanding. It is important to ensure that parents, carers and siblings are well informed about their childrens/siblings condition.After any review meeting or 6 weekly reviews we inform parents and carers of any progress made or any extra support that needs to be put in to place for our CYP. This is in order to ensure that they are aware of the support needs and intervention strategies to help develop an ASC individual. Further, it is very important to ensure that if an individual with ASC is within a care setting to keep parents and family informed of development so they can support this. Without the ongoing knowledge of the CYPs progression they will still view their child as being at the same pegleg of development as they were when they went into the residential setting and as such not be able to support the ongoing development. 654 /